Greek New Testament Sentence Diagrams
English Version
Announcement dated March 31, 2021
Scroll down for possible later updates

An English version of the Greek New Testament sentence diagrams is under consideration. The idea is that the diagrams would retain the Greek grammatical constructions but translate the Greek words into English. This will provide to students of the English New Testament a window into the grammatical structure of the Greek text.

The price envisioned is approximately $50 for an electronic version of the complete New Testament, which will consist of roughly 1,850 pages of diagrams, plus additional supporting material for a total page count likely to exceed 2,000.

Like my Greek diagrams, these diagrams would have only the print-like functionality of being able to access, read, and annotate them. There would be no electronic interactivity allowing various kinds of lookups and context-menu searches.

Sample page

Likely some parts of this diagram will immediately make good sense to you; other parts may seem intimidating. The diagrams will include supporting explanation of the various diagramming symbols. Of course a working knowledge of basic grammar is required as a starting point, but expertise is not required to get started. Your understanding will undoubtedly grow with use of the diagrams over time.

Benefits of this work will include
  • Encourages the reader to think through NT texts in bits and pieces, paying attention to the function of each small portion
  • Clearer indications of Greek grammatical coordination and subordination than English versions provide
  • Aid in constructing expository sermons that reflect the grammatical structure of the Greek text
  • Assistance to beginning Greek students in making sense of the grammar of sentences that they find difficult
  • Assistance to readers of matching Greek sentence diagrams whose mastery of Greek is weak enough to make it difficult to read the Greek diagrams
Logos Bible Software has posted a pre-publication offer of these diagrams to explore marketplace interest in such a work.

Projected Completion Date. If the work is to proceed, the conversion from Greek to English will almost certainly take more than one year to complete (total time required is likely to reach 1,500 hours), so the project is unlikely to come to completion much before the end of 2023. 

I also expect to be able to offer the work in PDF form, for sale through this website. The PDF version should be ready several months before the Logos version, which will require additional production work by Logos.

Possible release in installments. If the work is to proceed, I would like to find some way to offer it in installments as it develops. A subscription model would provide to subscribers up-to-date access to all the work that has been completed, in PDF form. On this model, I would want to cap a maximum total cost (probably around $50), beyond which the subscription continues as a free subscription. I would also like, if possible, for those who have reached free-subscription status to have a substantial discount on the completed Logos version. But all of this gets rather complicated and does not appear to be financially advantageous to Logos, so this scheme including a Logos discount seems unlikely to materialize. 

More feasible would be publication in perhaps about 8 installments, each of which would be priced at an appropriate fraction of the cost of the total work. Whether these installments would have to remain separate documents or whether they can be combined into a single document is a logistical issue that would have to be determined later. I hope that an installment plan could be implemented for both the Logos and the PDF versions, but any such promise would be premature at this point.

As an experiment, I am contemplating a trial run of a subscription model covering the Pauline Epistles as an experiment. The price would not exceed $4 per month, and I would commit to finishing the work within 5 months for a total of not more than $20. One matter to keep in mind regarding recurring small payments is that the electronic transaction costs significantly exceed those for a one-time larger payment. That being the case, it might be attractive to offer the subscription at some discount for a one-time payment. But that arrangement runs the risk of trouble in the event that I am providentially hindered from finishing the work that people have paid for in advance.

Challenges to overcome include
  • Determining which underlying Greek text to use and securing rights to use that text on favorable terms
  • My own health and availability to complete the project. At present I am young enough and healthy enough to consider this challenge to be minimal. Nevertheless, James warns us that we ought to say, "If the Lord will, we shall live, and do this, or that" (James 4:15).
  • Workable approaches to handling Greek idioms. Some of these will be understandable enough in English to require no special handling. Others will be unintelligible in English and will require principled decisions about whether to modify the Greek structure for the sake of intelligibility or whether to handle the Greek literally and supply explanatory notes.
  • Devising a workable financial model, as described above
  • Determining whether an adequate market exists to underwrite the cost of the project.
Why can't Greek and English be combined within single diagrams? 

It is natural to wish for a set of diagrams that provide for viewing in either Greek or English. Indeed, at least one interlinear set of diagrams has been created by Gerhard Raske. Raske's diagramming, in my opinion, lacks in quality, and I do not find it currently available for sale. Perhaps others have produced works of which I am unaware.

Logos software provides the basic functionality necessary to produce a new set of interlinear diagrams, including the ability to display the Greek and English in various combinations. The palette of symbols available in Logos, though, is insufficient to provide for time-efficient drawing of a large body of diagrams. Also, the proprietary system by which diagram documents are managed within the program raises questions in my mind about how well thousands of pages of diagrams can be managed. Also unclear is the viability of outputting such a large body of Logos diagrams suitably for forms of publication outside Logos. If I could gain confidence regarding file management and viable output options, then the question would come down to a matter of the time required to produce the diagrams. My experiments to date have left me with a strong hunch that, without significant improvements to Logos's diagrammer functionality, the time required to draw diagrams for the whole NT would probably be at least 5,000 hours. At a modest rate of pay necessary to support oneself on a self-employed basis (think Self-Employment Tax!), we are talking about a cost in the neighborhood of $100,000 to get these diagrams drawn. Breaking the job down into small parts to be assigned to a large team of individuals who might work as volunteers introduces new kinds of problems that would almost certainly degrade the overall quality and consistency of the finished product.

I should mention, too, that the Logos diagrammer does NOT seem to provide interactive functionality with the Greek or English text, to display parsing information or lexicon entries. So those who dream of a Logos version of these diagrams with that functionality should realize that their dream would require a considerable programming commitment on Logos's part in addition to the cost of getting the diagrams drawn. All it takes is money, of course, but whether Logos will see the potential for adequate payback of an investment that size is a question that I am not in a position to judge.

I'm able to do what I am doing with these large sets of diagrams because BibleWorks provides a software infrastructure for managing and accessing the files with great efficiency, and I'm not aware of similar virtues available in any other packages—though I don't own Accordance and therefore have not checked out its capabilities. And since the BibleWorks diagrammer is certainly the only environment within which I can deploy existing diagramming structures for various forms of revision to generate new products, it remains at present my only option. It follows that I must also accept the limitations of the BibleWorks functionality, which include lack of interlinear presentation or toggling between languages. That said, I am certainly open to consider any other viable approach that might be identified for combining Greek and English within a single set of diagrams.

Another factor to consider is that size limitations of the screen or the printed page require efficient use of available space. Sometimes a Greek word or phrase functioning as a diagramming unit is longer than its English equivalent; sometimes the English is longer than the Greek. Having to make every diagramming symbol long enough horizontally to accommodate either language would likely entail a significant reduction in space efficiency. There is always a way around such problems, but always at some expense to the visual clarity of the diagram. The idea of dynamic resizing of diagramming symbols and text could conceivably address this issue. But dynamic resizing would open the door to a whole host of problems, and at any rate no exisiting software provides such functionality.

All of these issues are ultimately matters of cost. Apart from charitable funding, the only way to bring such resources into existence is for there to be a paying public prepared to underwrite the cost. Biblical sentence diagramming currently appeals to a rather small market niche, and the financial support that can be expected is correspondingly limited. So rather than wait for developments that might never occur, it seems best to me to proceed with available tools to provide the public with the most useful possible diagramming tools that are presently within reach to develop. If these tools prove sufficiently useful to cause a market for them to grow, then perhaps they can be improved in their usefulness over time as funding becomes available.

What can you do to help speed the project along?
  • Share the link to the Logos pre-publication offer as widely as you can, especially among social media groups oriented toward Bible study.  Though there will be many prospective purchasers who would not sign up for this offer, this is the single most accurate indicator of serious marketplace interest that we know of.
  • Check this page for updates from time to time. For example, I am contemplating a trial run of a subscription model covering the Pauline Epistles as an experiment. The price would be roughly $3 per month, and I would commit to finishing the work within 5 months for a total of $15.
  • I would be happy to discuss possibilities for substantial charitable funding of the development. I would be open to granting naming rights and even ownership in exchange for full funding. I can be reached through the contact form on this site's home page.
Update, May 2, 2022

"On hold" would be a fair characterization of the current status of this project. I have completed Ephesians as a sample, and I really need to push myself to get it up and available here on my website. The holdup is a somewhat extensive recasting of the ancillary material that will be required so that that material can support the English version well. The necessity of spending time in ways that generate current income is the biggest impediment to completing this Ephesians sample.

For the larger project as a whole, the Logos pre-publication offer appears to be stalled out, and the challenge is compounded by the fact that the quota they set is almost certainly too small to cover the total cost of production. So this approach to funding appears to be inadequate. An approach that I would definitely consider would be to do the work on a for-hire basis for some publisher who would then own it, but I have not yet made any attempt to shop the project around.
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